Pharmacogenetic Testing

While numerous factors may influence patient responses to medications, treatment response likely depends on the relationship between the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and pharmacogenetics for each individual patient. Pharmacogenetic testing can serve as a tool that provides information in terms of how genetic variability affects individual responses to medications.  Traditionally 4 common phenotypes designate how an individual will metabolize medications: normal or extensive metabolizers, poor metabolizers, intermediate metabolizers, and ultrarapid metabolizers. Practitioners need to understand the clinical effect of genetic polymorphisms in metabolizing enzymes. In discussing poor metabolizers for a medication that has an active parent compound, the potential clinical consequences in general include increased efficacy and the potential for lower doses to provide efficacy, or increased toxicity as a result of buildup of the active parent compound." 

See more: https://www.clinicalpainadvisor.com/pharmacology/phamarcogenetic-testing-pain-management/article/458373/

Source: Clinical Pain Advisor